What is Durability?
Durability is the ability of any material or product to remain functional for longer time without requiring excessive maintenance or repair. A Durable material not only last longer but also helps the environment by conserving resources and reducing west and the environmental impacts of repair and replacement.
The Definition OF Durability is different for every one based in the role they play in manufacturing of product or product they want to buy.
For example, Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) engineer might have specific understanding in mind, the material purchasing agent or other supply chain management could have different perspective then OEM engineer.
What Is Product Durability?
Product durability refers to the ability of a product to withstand wear and tear and maintain its functionality over an extended period of time.
Simply put, it measures how long a product can last without breaking or requiring repairs. This factor is crucial for both consumers and businesses, influencing the overall cost and value of a product.
Over the years, the durability of products has significantly evolved. Advances in manufacturing techniques, materials, and consumer expectations have all played a role in shaping the longevity of products.
From handcrafted goods designed to last generations to modern disposable items, the concept of durability has undergone a transformation, reflecting changes in society’s values and technological capabilities.
5 best ways to define durability
As we discuss the definition of Durability in manufacturing can range anywhere from lawn mower part that lasts for 400 hours to a car part that withstands 200,000 miles of abuse. In roll forming, understanding durability can get you a cost-effective part that endures the stress of your specific application.
There are 5 ways to define durability in manufacturing engineering. To get the component you want and make sure to understand each characteristic of durability.
- Strength
- Hardness
- Corrosion resistance
- Wear resistance
- Impact toughness
#1. Strength
Strength could mean a roll formed part is strong enough to be a little flexible so it can withstand consistent loads. But it can also mean the product is so stiff it doesn’t bounce back at all.
When an OEM asks a roll forming partner, “What is the strongest metal?” for its intended application, this underlying understanding should be communicated. The metal’s properties can then be assessed and matched up against the complexity of the bending you want.
If the end product is a bike, the durability of steel is perfect for the frame, but only if it’s a certain mix of steel that’s flexible enough to absorb shock.
A steel grade that’s too rigid would provide a rough ride, and maybe even crack if the cyclist hits a bump. Some of the strongest metals, like Tungsten, are also very brittle, so keep that in mind.
#2. Hardness
In terms of durability, the definition of hardness is the ability of a material to resist Surface indentation, Abrasion, Erosion without becoming brittle.
If you’re designing metal components for a train, durability usually refers to surface hardness. Here the metal is case hardened, heat treated, and quenched to make the outside super-hard. The inside remains softer.
Now consider padlocks. These are made hard enough that they cannot be cut by thieves, but they also can’t be overly brittle. Here the roll former should recommend the most durable metal your application can use without cracking.
#3. Corrosion Resistance
If your roll formed steel shapes will be exposed to weather or salt-heavy environments, “durability” talk should focus on rust and corrosion resistance.
In these cases, carbon steels — whether they’re hot or cold rolled — won’t be effective. Your components will begin to rust very quickly, although there are some alloying elements that can improve the corrosion resistance of carbon steel.
Corrosion resistance is also important for load-bearing parts at the point of stress. Depending on the shape, the areas that experience the most stress may be especially vulnerable to oxidation and corrosion. This is because the microstructure of the steel is being pulled apart.
#4. Wear Resistance
If a part is brushing up against other parts, you can bet there will be friction. Of course, friction creates heat, but it also may cause particles of your component to fritter away.
In these applications, lubrication is a must so heat doesn’t build up to the point of component failure. That’s why a car engine uses oil. If it wasn’t there, the heat would be so intense that the engine block would burn up.
Typically components with high hardness levels tend to resist wear better.
#5. Impact Toughness
Toughness refers to the capacity of a material to absorb mechanical energy without permanently changing.
Toughness often decreases as hardness increases. Items like a cymbal or hotel corridor mouldings are a compromise of toughness and hardness, so they can withstand impact without sustaining surface abrasions or dents.
Requirements for product durability
It involves testing strength, wear resistance, and ability to withstand environmental conditions. Such assessments empower manufacturers and consumers to make informed purchasing choices.
Product durability is predicated by good repairability and renderability in conjunction with maintenance.
Every durable product must be capable of adapting to technical, technological and design developments. This must be accompanied by a willingness on the part of consumers to forgo having the “very latest” version of a product.
In the United Kingdom, durability as a characteristic relating to the quality of goods that can be demanded by consumers was not clearly established until an amendment of the Sale of Goods Act 1979 relating to the quality standards for supplied goods in 1994
Factors Affecting Product Durability
Product durability is influenced by a myriad of factors, each playing a crucial role in determining how long a product can withstand wear and tear while maintaining its functionality. Understanding these factors is essential for both manufacturers and consumers when evaluating the durability of a product:
#1. Quality of Materials
The choice of materials used in the construction of a product is perhaps the most significant determinant of its durability. High-quality materials, such as stainless steel, aluminum alloys, or reinforced plastics, are more resistant to corrosion, impact, and degradation over time. Conversely, low-quality materials may lead to premature wear and failure.
#2. Design Sophistication
The design of a product plays a critical role in its durability. Products with thoughtful design features, such as reinforced structural elements, ergonomic considerations, and stress-relief features, are more likely to withstand the rigors of everyday use without succumbing to wear and tear.
Conversely, poorly designed products may experience premature failure due to structural weaknesses or design flaws.
#3. Manufacturing Processes
The methods and techniques used during the manufacturing process can significantly impact the durability of a product. Precision manufacturing, stringent quality control measures, and adherence to industry standards ensure that products meet specified durability requirements.
Conversely, shortcuts in manufacturing or subpar quality control may result in defects or inconsistencies that compromise the product’s durability.
#4. Conditions of Use
The environment in which a product is used can also affect its durability. Products subjected to harsh conditions, such as extreme temperatures during transportation and storage in distribution centers, humidity, or exposure to chemicals, may experience accelerated wear and deterioration.
Proper maintenance and care, as well as adherence to recommended usage guidelines, can help extend the lifespan of a product under challenging conditions.
#5. Maintenance and Care
The level of maintenance and care afforded to a product can significantly impact its durability. Regular maintenance, such as cleaning, lubrication, and inspections, can help identify and address potential issues before they escalate into more significant problems.
Neglecting maintenance or using improper cleaning methods may accelerate wear and compromise the product’s longevity.
#6. Intended Use
Finally, the intended use of a product plays a crucial role in determining its durability. Products designed for heavy-duty applications, such as industrial machinery or outdoor equipment, are typically engineered to withstand more significant stresses and strains than products intended for light-duty or occasional use.
Understanding the intended use of a product and selecting accordingly can help ensure its durability meets the demands of its intended application.
By considering these factors holistically, manufacturers can design and produce products that offer superior durability and reliability, while consumers can make more informed purchasing decisions based on their specific needs and requirements.
Types of durability
Durability can encompass several specific physical properties of designed products, including:
- Ageing (of polymers)
- Dust resistance
- Resistance to fatigue
- Fire resistance
- Radiation hardening
- Thermal resistance
- Rot-proofing
- Rustproofing
- Toughness
- Waterproofing